Self-tests for HIV infection are now available in France. They are available over the counter in pharmacies. These tests, which can be carried out and interpreted by the person themselves in the place of their choice, complement the screening offer already available.

WHAT IS A SELF-TEST FOR SCREENING?

This is a test that the person concerned carries out themselves. This test does not involve a healthcare professional other than the pharmacist at the time of purchase and does not require a medical prescription. The marketed test can be carried out at home, using a drop of blood obtained by pricking the tip of a finger. The test is delivered with a single-use lancing device. It is the second drop of blood that is used for the test. A detailed instruction leaflet is included in the box, read it very carefully.

The test allows the detection of anti-HIV antibodies. If these antibodies are present in the drop of blood, a second colored band appears on the strip next to the first colored band called "control". The result is obtained in 20 to 30 minutes.

CAN I USE IT IMMEDIATELY AFTER TAKING A RISK?

This test is useless if it is carried out immediately after taking a risk. It is only of interest in the absence of risky behavior in the last 3 months. Indeed, after possible contamination by HIV, the time for antibodies to appear in the blood at a level sufficient to be detected by this technique is approximately 3 months. If the self-test is carried out too early, it could be falsely negative and wrongly reassure you. Note that if the risk-taking dates back less than 48 hours, you must go to the emergency room for a consultation and possibly receive post-exposure treatment.

IS THE TEST RELIABLE?

The High Authority for Health (HAS) specifies that no HIV self-test is 100% reliable. False positive or false negative results are rare, but possible. This is why any positive test must be supplemented by a standard laboratory test. Similarly, if you have a strong suspicion of contamination, a negative result can be supplemented by a laboratory test that would allow for an earlier diagnosis.

To ensure maximum reliability of the test, it is necessary to read the instructions carefully and follow them step by step.

WHAT TO DO IN THE EVENT OF A POSITIVE RESULT?

If the self-test is positive, it is imperative to have this result confirmed by a test carried out on a blood sample in the laboratory. You can make an appointment with your doctor who will refer you, or contact a service or an association dealing with people living with HIV, or contact a CeGIDD (free information, screening and diagnostic center). Any HIV test confirmed positive should promptly lead to antiretroviral treatment.

WHAT TO DO IN CASE OF A NEGATIVE RESULT?

If the test is negative, and if you are certain that you have performed it correctly, there is no need to perform a confirmation test.

IS THE TEST REIMBURSED BY SOCIAL SECURITY?

The HIV self-test is not reimbursed by social security. Currently, its price should be between 23 and 28 euros. Sales are reserved for pharmacists, either at the pharmacy or on their websites. The Order of Pharmacists has published the list of websites of pharmacies authorized for online sales. It can be viewed at http://www.ordre.pharmacien.fr/ . It is not recommended to purchase self-tests on other sites not recommended by the health authorities.

IS THE SALE AUTHORIZED TO MINORS?

For a minor, it is not necessary to obtain parental consent to purchase a self-test. However, note that the possibility of a positive result means that a minor is advised to contact a healthcare professional or a competent structure that will provide them with the necessary information. The test should not be used on a child under 18 months.

Finally, let us specify that no one can be forced to perform a self-test against their will.

WHAT SHOULD I DO WITH THE MATERIAL ONCE THE TEST IS DONE?

The test must be placed in the bag provided and delivered with the kit. The material containing the drop of blood must not be thrown in your trash but must be deposited in a collection point. Ask the pharmacist for advice at the time of purchase.

DOES THE TEST DETECT OTHER SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS?

The HIV self-test only detects HIV infections. Other communicable diseases, such as hepatitis B or C, cannot be screened in this way.
The HIV self-test is an additional screening tool that is added to the overall screening offer. It contributes to the desire to improve HIV screening. Any positive self-test must be confirmed by a laboratory test and prompt consideration should be given to rapid initiation of antiretroviral treatment.